Specific speed, ns, is an index number relating to a pump s performance at BEP flowrate with the maximum diameter impeller and at a given rotational speed. Specific speed is defined by Equation (A.1):
比转速ns,是一个关于泵在最大叶轮下最佳效率点处流量和给定转速有关的性能指数。比转速的具体定义见公式A.1
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where
其中
n is the rotational speed, expressed in revolutions per minute;
n 代表转速,单位是rmp(转每分钟)
q is the total pump flowrate, expressed in U.S. gallons per minute (cubic meters per second);
q 代表泵的总流量,单位是m3/s,美国单位是加仑每分钟
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解释:其中总流量指的是最大叶轮下最佳效率点处的流量
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H is the head per stage, expressed in feet (meters).
H 代表每一级的扬程,单位是m,美国单位是feet(英尺)
NOTE 1 Specific speed derived using USC units divided by a factor of 51.64 is equal to specific speed in SI units.
注1,如果公式A.1带入的是国际SI单位,那么需要乘以一个51.64的系数,才与美国单位下的数值相等。
NOTE 2 For simplicity, industry omits the gravitational constant from the dimensionless equations for specific speed and suction-specific speed.
注2,为了简单,对于比转速和吸入比转速来说,工业上省略了这个无量纲方程中的重力常数。
An alternative definition of specific speed is sometimes used (flowrate per impeller eye rather than total flowrate). The purchaser is cautioned to understand which definition is being used when comparing data.
有时采用另一种代替比转速的定义,使用(轮眼(impeller eye)处的流量,而不是总流量。当比较数据时,买方应注意使用的是哪种定义。
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解释:轮眼定义如下图,就是吸入口处的流量。买卖双方应该就适用哪一处的流量达成一致。
因为,大多数情况下,工艺专业给的流量并非是泵的最大叶轮下最佳效率点处的流量,因此只有工艺参数的流量(就是轮眼处的流量),并不能计算出真正的比转速。因此,往往用工艺专业提供的流量作为比转速的计算参数。
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Suction-specific speed, S, an index number relating to a pump's suction performance, is calculated at BEP flowrate with the maximum diameter impeller at a given rotational speed and is defined by Equation (A.2):
吸入比转速,S,是关于泵吸入性能的指数,通过最大叶轮下最佳效率点处流量和给定转速计算得到。吸入比转速用于评估泵内部循环的敏感性,计算公式见A.2
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解释:吸入比转速就是我们常说的气蚀比转速,用于评估吸入性能或者用于反向估算NPSH3的数值。吸入比转速越大,说明泵抗气蚀能力越强。但是也不能无限制的提高吸入比转速,因为有研究证明吸入比转速过大,泵越容易损坏且泵效率可能下降。因此需要一个合适的吸入比转速。一般来说美制单位下,吸入比转速为11000左右是比较合适的。
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Where
其中
n is the rotational speed, expressed in revolutions per minute;
n 代表转速,单位rpm,转每分钟
q is the flowrate per impeller eye, expressed in U.S. gallons per minute (cubic meters per second) equal to one of the following:
q 轮眼处的流量,m3/s,美制单位是加仑每分钟
total flowrate for single-suction impellers,
— 对于单吸叶轮来说q是总流量
one-half the total flowrate for double-suction impellers;
— 对于双吸叶轮来说是q应该是总流量的一半
NPSH3 is the net positive suction head required, expressed in feet (meters).
NPSH3是气蚀裕量,单位是m
NOTE 3 Suction-specific speed derived using USC units divided by a factor of 51.64 is equal to suction-specific speed in SI units.
注3:吸入比转速公式A.2是SI单位,如果使用美制单位则应该乘以51.64。
NOTE 4 The USC symbol Nss is sometimes used to designate suction-specific speed.
注4:美国常用Nss来代表吸入比转速。