6.10.1 Bearings轴承
6.10.1.1 Each shaft shall be supported by two radial bearings and one double-acting axial (thrust) bearing. If the pump has rolling-element radial and thrust bearings, the thrust bearing carries both the radial load on one end of the rotor and the axial thrust transmitted by the pump to the rotor. If the pump has hydrodynamic radial bearings and a rolling-element thrust bearing, the rolling-element bearing carries axial thrust only; the hydrodynamic bearings carry only radial loads. For higher loads and/or speeds, the hydrodynamic radial bearings carry all the radial loads and the hydrodynamic thrust bearing carries all the axial load.
每根轴应由两个径向轴承和一个双作用轴向（推力）轴承支撑。如果泵有滚动体径向轴承和推力轴承，则推力轴承既承受转子一端的径向载荷，又承受泵传递给转子的轴向推力。如果泵具有流体动压径向轴承和滚动体止推轴承，则滚动体轴承仅承受轴向推力；流体动压轴承仅承受径向载荷。对于较高负载和/或速度，流体动压径向轴承承受所有径向负载，流体动压推力轴承承受所有轴向负载。
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解释：就是滚动径向+滚动推力
滑动径向+滚动推力
滑动径向+滑动推力，一共三种方案。
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Bearings, therefore, shall be one of the following arrangements:
轴承，因此，应该是下面配置中的一种
- a) rolling-element radial and thrust;滚动径向和推力轴承
- b) hydrodynamic radial and rolling-element thrust;流体动压静压轴承和滚动推力轴承
- c) hydrodynamic radial and thrust.流体动压的径向和推力轴承
6.10.1.2 Unless otherwise specified or approved by the purchaser, the bearing type and arrangement shall be selected in accordance with the limitations in Table 10.
除非另有指定或买方同意，轴承类型和配置应该根据表10的限制选择。
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解释：表10很有用，规定了如何选用轴承。
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6.10.1.3 For pumps that will be installed in oilfield and pipeline applications, rolling-element radial and/or thrust bearings may be applied exceeding Table 10 limits with purchaser’s approval.
对于将安装在油田和管道应用中的泵，经买方批准，可使用超过表 10 限值的滚动元件径向和/或推力轴承。
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解释：对于油田和管线的泵，其轴承的要求更加宽松。
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==Table 10 Bearing Selection==
==表10-轴承选择==
6.10.1.4 Thrust bearings shall be sized for continuous operation under all specified conditions, including maximum differential pressure, and comply with the following.
推力轴承的尺寸必须满足在所有规定工况下（包括最大压差）连续运行的要求，并符合下列规定：
- a) All loads shall be determined at design internal clearances and also at twice design internal clearances.
所有荷载均应在标准设计内部间隙和两倍设计内部间隙时确定。
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解释：根据上表选定了轴承的形式，那轴承大小则要根据轴承所受的载荷确定了。载荷的大小与泵内部的设计间隙息息相关
比如，带有平衡鼓的泵，它与泵壳体的间隙与推力轴承的受力息息相关，平衡鼓的间隙越大，则轴承承受的推力越大，本条要求设计时考虑12倍的间隙，这个要求和前面要求的按照12倍运行间隙来计算液体刚度的要求是一样的。
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- b) Thrust forces for flexible metal-element couplings shall be calculated on the basis of the maximum allowable deflection permitted by the coupling manufacturer.
弹性金属元件联轴器的推力应根据联轴器制造商允许的最大挠度计算。
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解释：很少有泵厂会考虑由联轴器传递过来的推力。
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- c) If a sleeve-bearing motor (without a thrust bearing) is directly connected to the pump shaft with a coupling, the coupling-transmitted thrust shall be assumed to be the maximum motor thrust.
如果套筒轴承电机（无止推轴承）通过联轴器直接与泵轴连接，则应将联轴器传递的推力假定为电机的最大推力。
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解释：因为电机无推力轴承，电机的推力也会通过联轴器传递给泵。
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d) In addition to thrust from the rotor and any internal gear reactions due to the most extreme allowable conditions, the axial force transmitted through flexible couplings shall be considered a part of the duty of any thrust bearing.
除了来自转子的推力和任何内部齿轮反作用力（由于最极端的允许条件而产生的）之外，通过弹性联轴器传递的轴向力也应视为任何推力轴承工作的一部分。
e) If specified, the angular contact thrust bearing may be mounted on a removable sleeve that is retained on the shaft by a locking nut and tab washer.
如有规定，角接触推力轴承可安装在一个可拆卸的轴套上，该轴套通过锁紧螺母和片状垫圈固定在轴上。
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解释：下图是带有轴套的角接触球轴承，用锁紧螺母和tab washer固定的列子。但是一般来说，成对的角接触球轴承是不带轴套的。
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NOTE This arrangement allows the thrust bearing to be easily removed for mechanical seal maintenance and then be reused.
注：这种布置可以方便地拆下止推轴承进行机械密封维护，然后重新使用。
6.10.1.5 Rolling-element bearings shall not have filling slots.
滚动轴承不得有填充槽。
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解释：filling slot就是用来填充滚动原件的。如下图。
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6.10.1.6 Rolling-element bearings shall not have nonmetallic cages.
滚动轴承不得使用非金属保持架。
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解释：一般要求滚动轴承的保持架为金属的，最好是铜的。Cage就是保持架，如下图
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6.10.1.7 Single-row, deep-groove ball bearings shall have a radial internal clearance in accordance with ABMA 20, Group 3 (large than ”N” or Normal internal clearance). Greater internal clearances can reduce the temperature rise of the lubricant. However, vibration velocities can be increased with greater clearances. The vendor shall ensure that the values for temperature rise and vibration meet the requirements of this standard.
单列深沟球轴承的径向内部游隙应符合 ABMA 20 第 3 组的规定（大于 "N "或正常内部游隙）。更大的内部游隙可降低润滑剂的温升。但是，间隙越大，振动速度越快。供应商应确保温升和振动值符合本标准的要求。
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解释：ABMA 20, Group 3 是美国轴承制造商协会（ABMA）的一个标准，它规定了英制圆锥滚子轴承的代号和尺寸。
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NOTE For the purpose of this provision, ISO 5753, Group 3 is equivalent to ABMA 20, Group 3.
注：就本规定而言，ISO 5753 第 3 组等同于 ABMA 20 第 3 组。
6.10.1.8 Ball thrust bearings shall be of the paired, single-row, 40° (0.7 rad) angular contact type (7000 series) with machined brass cages. Pressed steel cages may be used if approved by the purchaser. Unless otherwise specified, bearings shall be mounted in a paired arrangement installed back-to-back. The need for bearing clearance or preload shall be determined by the vendor to suit the application and meet the bearing life requirements of this standard.
推力球轴承应为成对、单列、40° (0.7 rad) 的角接触式（7000 系列），带有机加工黄铜保持架。如经买方批准，也可使用冲压钢保持架。除非另有规定，轴承应成对安装，背靠背安装。轴承间隙或预紧力的需求应由供应商确定，以适应工况并满足本标准对轴承寿命的要求。
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解释：如下图，最常用的角接触7000系列成对出现的球轴承，下图黄色轴承。
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NOTE There are applications where alternative bearing arrangements can be preferable, particularly where bearings operate continuously with minimal axial loads.
注：在某些应用中，替代性轴承布置可能更为理想，特别是在轴承连续运行、轴向载荷最小的情况下。
6.10.1.9 If loads exceed the capability of paired, angular-contact bearings as described in 6.10.1.10, alternative rolling-element arrangements may be proposed.
如果载荷超过 6.10.1.10 所述成对角接触轴承的能力，可建议采用其他滚动体布置。
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解释：成对出现的圆锥滚子轴承的承载能力，比角接触球轴承更大。
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6.10.1.10 Rolling-element bearing life (basic rating life, L10h, for each bearing or bearing pair) shall be calculated in accordance with ABMA 9 (ISO 281).
滚动轴承的寿命（每个轴承或每对轴承的基本额定寿命，L10h）应按照 ABMA 9 (ISO 281)计算。
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解释：L10是指一批型号相同的轴承，在相同的工作条件下，其中90%能够达到或超过的疲劳寿命。它是一种基于概率的工具，用于确定足以避免疲劳失效的轴承尺寸，单位是百万转或者小时（小时更常用）
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NOTE 1 ABMA 9 defines basic rating life, L10, in units of millions of revolutions. Industry practice is to convert this to hours and to refer to it as L10h .
注1：ABMA 9 以百万转为单位定义了基本额定寿命 L10。行业惯例是将其转换为小时数，并称为 L10h。
NOTE 2 For the purpose of this provision, ISO 281 is equivalent to ABMA 9.
注2：就本规定而言，ISO 281 等同于 ABMA 9。
6.10.1.11 Bearing system life (the calculated life of the combined system of bearings in the pump) shall be equivalent to at least 25,000 h with continuous operation at rated conditions, and at least 16,000 h at maximum radial and axial loads and rated speed. The system life shall be calculated as given in Equation (3):
轴承系统寿命（泵中组合轴承系统的计算寿命）应相当于在额定条件下连续运行至少 25,000 小时，以及在最大径向和轴向载荷及额定转速下至少 16,000 小时。系统寿命应按公式 (3) 计算：
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解释：
1，单个轴承寿命不等于整体寿命。
2，通过上述公式计算的的寿命应该满足要求25000h。
举例子：比如3个轴承寿命都是25000h，则系统寿命为12000，可见两者差距还是很大的。
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where式中
L10hA is the basic rating life, L10h, in accordance with ABMA 9 for bearing A;
L10hA轴承A的基本额定寿命L10h，根据ABMA 9
L10hB is the basic rating life, L10h, in accordance with ABMA 9 for bearing B;
L10hB轴承B的基本额定寿命L10h，根据ABMA 9
L10hN is the basic rating life, L10h, in accordance with ABMA 9 for bearing N;
L10hN轴承N的基本额定寿命L10h，根据ABMA 9
N is the number of bearings.
N代表轴承数量
If specified, the bearing system life calculations shall be furnished. See K.2 for a discussion of bearing system life.
如有规定，应提供轴承系统寿命计算结果。有关轴承系统寿命的讨论，请参见 K.2。
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解释：厂家在级数协议中，往往提供的轴承寿命保证为25000h，不提供系统的轴承寿命。但是本标准要求的是轴承系统的寿命为25000h。
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NOTE A bearing system L10h life of 25,000 h and 16,000 h requires that the L10h life of each individual bearing be significantly higher. Further to meet these requirements, two bearings would each have to have an L10h of about 40,000 h.
注：如果轴承系统的 L10h 寿命分别为 25,000 小时和 16,000 小时，则每个轴承的 L10h 寿命都必须大大提高。此外，要满足这些要求，两个轴承的 L10h 必须分别达到约 40,000 小时。
6.10.1.12 Rolling-element bearings shall be located, retained, and mounted in accordance with the following.
滚动轴承的位置、固定和安装必须符合下列规定：
- a) Bearings shall be retained on the shaft with an interference fit and fitted into the housing with a diametral clearance, both in accordance with ABMA 7.
轴承应以过盈配合方式固定在轴上，并以一定的直径间隙装入轴承箱，两者均应符合 ABMA 7 标准。
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解释：轴承通过热装套在轴上，与轴承箱为间隙配合。
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NOTE For rolling-element thrust bearings in pure axial loading, some users prefer a bearing fit on the shaft of 0.0005 in. (0.01 mm) loose in order to ease bearing replacement.
注：对于纯轴向载荷下的滚动体止推轴承，一些用户希望轴承与轴的配合松度为 0.0005 英寸（0.01 毫米），以便于更换轴承。
b) Bearings shall be mounted directly on the shaft, if not otherwise specified [see 6.10.1.4 f)].
如无特殊规定，轴承应直接安装在轴上[见 6.10.1.4 f)]。
c) Bearings shall be located on the shaft using shoulders, collars or other positive locating devices. Snap rings and spring-type washers are not acceptable.
轴承应使用轴肩、轴环或其他可靠的定位装置安装在轴上。 卡环和弹簧垫圈是不可接受的。
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解释：snap ring（卡环）如下左边两张图，spring type washer有很多中，如下右图。
- d) The device used to lock thrust bearings to shafts shall be restricted to a nut with a tongue-type lock washer.
用于将止推轴承锁定在轴上的装置应仅限于带舌型锁垫圈的螺母。
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解释：止推轴承正确安装方式如下
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NOTE This subsection applies to all rolling-element bearings, including both ball and roller types. For certain roller bearings, such as cylindrical roller types with separable races, bearing-to-housing diametral clearances in accordance with ABMA 7 are not be appropriate.
注：本小节适用于所有滚动体轴承，包括球轴承和滚子轴承。对于某些滚子轴承，例如具有可分离滚道的圆柱滚子轴承，不适合采用 ABMA 7 标准的轴承与轴承箱之间的直径间隙。
6.10.2 Bearing Housings轴承箱
6.10.2.1 Bearing housings shall be arranged so that bearings can be replaced without disturbing pump drives or mountings.
轴承箱的布置应能在不影响泵驱动装置或安装的情况下更换轴承。
6.10.2.2 If specified, bearing housings shall have provisions to measure bearing metal temperatures.
如果有规定，轴承箱必须有测量轴承金属温度的装置。
6.10.2.3 Bearing housings for oil-lubricated non-pressure-fed bearings shall be provided with the following features:
油润滑轴承（非压力润滑）的轴承箱必须具备以下特点：
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解释：轴承分为，油润滑（最常用） ，脂润滑（最不常用）和压力润滑（就是强制润滑，用在大泵上）
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a) threaded and plugged fill and drain connections of at least NPS 1/2 (DN 15);
螺纹和堵塞的填充和排放接口，至少为 NPS 1/2 (DN 15)；
b) means, such as a bulls-eye or an overfill plug for detecting overfilling of the housings;
用于检测轴承箱过满的装置，如牛眼视镜或过满塞；
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解释：bulls-eye
Overfill plug见下图
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- c) if a sight glass or bulls-eye is provided, it shall be located such that the proper oil level elevation is at the midpoint (at 50 % up or down the viewing area);
如果提供视镜或牛眼镜，其位置应使合适的油位高度位于视镜中点（观察区域上下 50%处）；
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解释：一般视镜和3D牛眼视镜
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d) a permanent indication of the proper oil level shall be accurately located and clearly marked on the outside of the bearing housing with permanent metal tags, marks inscribed in the castings, or other durable means;
在轴承箱外侧必须用永久性金属标签、铸件上刻印标记或其他的耐用方法，准确定位并清楚标明适当的油位；
e) a bearing housing vent to atmosphere, which may be located at the fill connection;
轴承箱通向大气的排气口，可位于加注接口处；
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解释：也就是说泵轴承箱的加注油口和通大气口可以是同一个口。
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f) a “vented to atmosphere” constant-level sight feed oilers at least 4 fl oz (1.2 dl) in volume, heat-resistant glass containers and protective wire cages.
至少 4 液量盎司（1.2 分升）的 "通风至大气 "恒定液位补油油杯、耐热玻璃容器和保护性铁丝笼。
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解释：要求了油杯大小。油杯必须有保护罩。下图的油杯就没有保护罩，不符合API要求。
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6.10.2.4 If specified, bearing housings for oil-lubricated non-pressure-fed bearings shall be provided with “vented to bearing housing” constant level oiler in lieu of a “vented to atmosphere” constant level oiler
如果有规定，油润滑轴承(非压力润滑)的轴承箱必须配备 "向轴承箱排气 "的恒定液位加油器，以代替 "向大气排气 "的恒定液位加油器。
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解释：上一条要求的油杯是和大气相通，但是这种情况下。如果轴承箱内存在一定的压力（比如轴承箱的排气口阻塞）会导致油杯中的油流不到轴承箱中，如果是油杯和轴承箱的排气相通，如下图，则能始终保证油杯和轴承箱内的压力保持一致。
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6.10.2.5 If specified, bearing housings for oil-lubricated non-pressure-fed bearings shall be provided with an oil sump collection container. This container shall be transparent and shall be located on the bottom of the oil sump to collect bearing housing contaminants such as water. It shall be fitted with a spring-loaded drain pet cock. The collector materials of construction shall be suitable for the lubricant used.
如果有规定，油润滑轴承（非压力润滑）的轴承箱必须配备油池收集容器。该容器应是透明的，位于油池的底部，用于收集轴承箱内的杂质，如水。该容器应配有弹簧式排水阀。收集器的结构材料应适合所使用的润滑油。
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解释：类似于下图中轴承箱底部的收集罐
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6.10.2.6 Bearing housings for pressure-lubricated hydrodynamic bearings shall be arranged to minimize foaming. The drain system shall be adequate to maintain the oil and foam level below shaft end seals.
压力润滑流体动压轴承的轴承箱的布置应尽量减少泡沫。排油系统必须足以将油和泡沫水平保持在轴端密封之下。
6.10.2.7 Sufficient cooling, including an allowance for fouling, shall be provided to maintain oil and bearing temperatures as follows during shop testing and in field operation under the most adverse specified operating condition:
必须提供足够的冷却，包括污垢预留量，以便在车间试验和现场运行时，在最恶劣的规定运行条件下，保持油温和轴承温度如下：
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解释：这条很重要。
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a) for pressurized systems, the bearing-oil temperature rise shall not exceed 50 °F (28 K), and if bearing- temperature sensors are supplied, bearing metal temperatures shall not exceed 200 °F (93 °C);
对于加压润滑系统，轴承润滑油温升不得超过 50 °F (28 K)，如果提供轴承温度传感器，轴承金属温度不得超过 200 °F (93 °C)；
b) for ring-oiled or splash systems (including such systems with purge-oil mist), the sump oil temperature rise shall not exceed 70 °F (39 K) above the ambient temperature, and if bearing-temperature sensors are supplied, bearing metal temperatures shall not exceed 200 °F (93 °C);
对于甩油环或飞溅系统（包括带有吹扫油雾润滑的系统），油池油温升不得高于环境温度 70 °F (39 K)，如果提供轴承温度传感器，轴承金属温度不得超过 200 °F (93 °C)；
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解释：油环润滑ring-oiled见左图，splash system甩油润滑见右图中间的甩油盘
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- c) for pure oil mist pump, the bearing housing surface temperature shall not exceed 160 °F (71 °C), and if bearing-temperature sensors are supplied, bearing metal temperatures shall not exceed 190 °F (88 °C).
对于纯油雾润滑的泵，轴承箱表面温度不得超过 71°C (160°F)，如果提供轴承温度传感器，轴承金属温度不得超过 88°C (190°F)。
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解释：纯油雾润滑比飞溅润滑或者甩油润滑的要求更为严格，因为纯油雾润滑可以通过流动的油雾带走轴承产生的大部分热量。
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NOTE 1 Pumps equipped with ring-oiled or splash lubrication systems normally do not reach temperature stabilization during performance tests of short duration and sometimes longer. Temperature-stabilization testing is addressed in 8.3.4.2.1.
注1：装有甩环油或飞溅润滑系统的泵在短时间的性能试验中通常达不到温度稳定，有时甚至更长。温度稳定试验见 8.3.4.2.1。
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解释：8.3.4.2.1解释了达到什么条件就可以认为油温达到了稳定。
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NOTE 2 For oil sump temperatures higher than 170 °F (77 °C), the additives in the oil will deteriorate and coke formation will accelerate.
注2：油池温度高于 170 °F（77 °C）时，机油中的添加剂会变质，焦炭形成会加快。
NOTE 3 In some installations, solar radiation can cause bearing housing temperature to be higher than specified above. In those cases, measuring bearing metal temperature directly can be useful.
注3：在某些设备中，太阳辐射会导致轴承箱温度高于上述规定。在这种情况下，直接测量轴承金属温度可能会有所帮助。
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解释：直接测量金属温度需要在轴承箱上打孔，让探头深入到轴承边圈上，有时比较难以实现。
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6.10.2.8 If cooling with water or product is required, tube-type cooling is preferred. The tube (including fittings) shall be of nonferrous material or austenitic stainless steel and shall have no internal pressure joints. Tubing or pipe shall have a minimum thickness of 0.040 in. (1.0 mm) and shall be at least 0.50 in. (12 mm) OD. Water jackets, if used, shall have only external connections between upper and lower housing jackets and shall have neither gasketed nor threaded connection joints that could allow cooling liquid to leak into the oil reservoir. Water jackets shall be designed to cool the oil rather than the outer bearing ring.
如果需要用水或介质冷却，最好采用管式冷却。管子（包括配件）应为有色金属材料或奥氏体不锈钢，且不得有内部承压接头。 管子或管道的厚度至少应为 0.040 英寸（1.0 毫米），外径至少应为 0.50 英寸（12 毫米）。如果使用水夹套，上、下壳体夹套之间应仅有外部连接，且连接接头不得使用垫圈或螺纹，以免冷却液渗漏到油池中。水夹套应设计用于冷却润滑油而非轴承外圈。
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解释：盘管冷却的轴承箱见下左图，夹套冷区的见下右图。对于使用滑动轴承的轴承箱，其轴承箱必然是上下两瓣的，如果是自润滑的滑动轴承一般只在下半轴承箱设置夹套，上半轴承箱不设置夹套。
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NOTE Cooling the outer ring of rolling-element bearings can reduce bearing internal clearance and cause bearing failure.
注： 冷却滚动体轴承的外圈会减小轴承内部游隙，导致轴承故障。
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解释：热胀冷缩，外圈减小了，游隙减小。
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6.10.2.9
NOTE Many users consider pure aluminum and aluminum alloys with a maximum content of 2 % magnesium or 0.2 % copper, all copper, and copper-based alloys (e.g. brass, bronze) to be spark-resistant. However, local standards, such as EN 13463-1, might not allow aluminum or nonmetallic materials within potentially explosive atmospheres.
注： 许多用户认为纯铝、镁含量不超过 2% 或铜含量不超过 0.2% 的铝合金、全铜和铜基合金（如黄铜、青铜）具有抗火花性。但是，当地标准（如 EN 13463-1）可能不允许在潜在爆炸性环境中使用铝或非金属材料。
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解释：国内所说的无火花材料都是铝或者铝合金，铜或者铜合金（不常用铜，铜太贵了）。
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6.10.2.10 If oil-mist lubrication is specified, the requirements of 6.10.2.10.1 or 6.10.2.10.2 shall apply.
如果规定了油雾润滑，则应适用 6.10.2.10.1 或 6.10.2.10.2 的要求。
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解释：油雾润滑示意图如下所示。左边图是纯油雾润滑，右边图为吹扫油雾润滑。
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6.10.2.10.1 For pure oil-mist lubrication, bearings and bearing housings shall meet the following requirements:
对于纯油雾润滑，轴承和轴承箱应该满足如下要求：
- a) a threaded 6 mm (NPS 1/4) oil-mist inlet connection shall be provided on the housing or end cover for each of the spaces between the rolling-element bearing or bearing set and the bearing housing end seal;
在轴承箱或端盖上，滚动轴承或轴承组与轴承箱端密封之间的每个空间，都必须有一个 6 毫米（NPS 1/4）的螺纹油雾入口接口；
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解释：如上图的左图，可见纯油雾润的油气进口是在轴承箱的两侧。下图更为明显，这样可以保证油气完全通过轴承体。
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b) oil-mist fitting connections shall be located so that oil mist can flow through rolling-element bearings;
油雾接头的位置应使油雾能够流过滚动轴承；
c) oil rings or flingers and constant-level oilers shall not be provided, and a mark indicating the oil level is not required;
不应提供油环或甩油盘和恒定油位加油器，也不需要指示油位的标记；
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解释：oil ring和flingers之前解释过了。因为油雾完全通过了轴承体，因此轴承箱里面就不需要润滑油了。也就无需带油杯，甩油设备和油位指示了。
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- d) drain-back and any other (feed hole) oil passages in the bearing housing shall be plugged to prevent the oil mist from bypassing the bearings(s);
轴承箱上的回油孔和任何其他（进油孔）油道必须堵塞，以防止油雾绕过轴承；
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解释：下图红色孔，原来用于有油润滑时，轴承端盖处的油回到油箱用。如果设置了油雾润滑，不把这两个通道堵上，油气可能从这两个通道旁路掉，而不经过或少经过轴承体了。
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- e) water cooling systems shall not be provided.
无需提供水冷系统了
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解释：油池无油，当然不需要水冷了。
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NOTE 1 Reclassifiers and oil-mist fittings are normally installed in the field.
注1：分配器和油雾配件通常在现场安装
NOTE 2 At process operating temperatures above 570 °F (300 °C), bearing housings with pure oil-mist lubrication can require special features to reduce heating of the bearing races by heat transfer. Typical features are:
注2：当工艺工作温度高于 570 °F (300 °C) 时，采用纯油雾润滑的轴承箱可能需要特殊功能，以减少轴承滚道的热传导。典型特征包括
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解释：工程上，对于温度高于260℃的高温泵，还是慎重选用纯油雾润滑，还是建议用吹扫油雾润滑。
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heat sink type flingers,
散热片式甩油盘
stainless steel shafts having low thermal conductivity,
导热系数低的不锈钢轴、
thermal barriers,
隔热
fan cooling,
风扇冷却
purge oil-mist lubrication (in place of pure oil mist) with oil (sump) cooling.
使用带油池冷却的吹扫油雾润滑，代替纯油雾润滑
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解释：由此可见，吹扫油雾润滑能够承受更高的温度，因此，工程上一般把介质温度超过260度的泵称为高温泵，高温泵建议使用吹扫油雾润滑，而不是纯油雾润滑（虽然有的油雾润滑厂家说有300多度使用纯油雾润滑的经验）
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6.10.2.10.2 For purge oil-mist lubrication, bearings and bearing housings shall meet the following requirements.
对于吹扫油雾润滑，轴承和轴承箱应该满足如下要求。
- a) A threaded NPS 1/4 or 1/2 (6 mm or 12 mm) oil-mist connection shall be located in the top half of the bearing housing to act also as a vent-and-fill connection.
在轴承箱的上半部分应安装一个螺纹 NPS 1/4 或 1/2 （6 毫米或 12 毫米）油雾接口，同时作为通气加注接口。
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解释：如下图，吹扫油雾润滑的接口在轴承箱顶部位置。
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- b) Constant-level oilers shall be provided, and a mark indicating the oil level is required on the bearing housing. Bearing lubrication is by a conventional oil bath, flinger, or oil ring system.
应配备恒定油位油杯，轴承箱上必须有指示油位的标记。轴承润滑采用传统的油浴、甩油盘或甩油环系统。
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解释：因为吹扫油雾润滑仅仅是保持轴承箱内微正压防止异物进入，并带有一点点辅助润滑功能，不能代替原有的润滑系统。因此原来的油杯，油视镜，甩油盘或者甩油环都必须带着。油池中仍然有油。还是主要靠甩油来给轴承体润滑。
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- c) Constant-level sight feed oilers shall be equipped with overflow control to allow excess coalesced oil from the mist system to drain from the bearing housing so that oil level in the sump is maintained at proper level. The oil shall be contained to prevent it from draining onto the baseplate.
恒定液位油杯必须配备溢流控制装置，以允许油雾系统中多余的凝聚油从轴承箱中排出，从而使油池中的油位保持在适当的水平。油必须被限制住，以防止其排到底座上。
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解释：恒位油杯上带有溢流口，防止轴承箱油过多。不过现在工程上，油雾润滑都带有油气回收装置，
现在工程中，基本所有油雾润滑都带了油雾回收系统，可以将多余的油雾抽走，无需上述要求。
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- d) Constant-level sight feed oilers shall be piped so that they operate at the internal pressure of the bearing housing, do not vent excess mist at the bearing housing, or allow oil to drip to the baseplate.
恒定液位油杯应该带有管路，应使其在轴承箱的内部压力下工作，不在轴承箱上排放多余的油雾，也不允许油滴到底座上。
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解释：因为轴承箱中为微正压了，而油杯内只是大气压的话，根据U型管原理，那油杯的补油就会不足或者失效，因此需要油杯应该轴承箱压力下工作，如下图，一根平衡管就能使得油杯和轴承箱压力平衡。
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6.10.2.10.3 For both pure and purge mist applications, a drain connection shall be located on the bottom of the bearing housing to provide complete oil drainage (see 6.10.2.10.5).
对于纯和吹扫油雾的应用，应在轴承箱底部设置排油接口，以提供完全的排油（见 6.10.2.10.5）。
6.10.2.10.4 Shielded or sealed bearings shall not be used in conjunction with either pure or purge oil-mist systems.
屏蔽或密封轴承不得与纯油或净化油雾系统一起使用。
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解释：如下图，就是shielded and sealed bearing，就是为了防止灰尘，轴承两侧封闭了。如果封闭了，油雾就无法进入了，很好理解。
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6.10.2.10.5 The oil-mist supply, reclassifier and drain fittings shall be provided by the purchaser. Unless otherwise specified, directional reclassifiers, if required, shall be provided by the machine manufacturer.
油雾供应、再分类器和排液配件应由买方提供。除非另有规定，如果需要定向分配器，则应由机器制造商提供。
6.10.2.11 Housings for ring oil-lubricated bearings shall be provided with (plugged) ports positioned to allow visual inspection of the oil rings while the pump is running.
甩油环润滑轴承的轴承箱必须有（堵塞）端口，以便在泵运行时对油环进行目视检查。
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解释：即使要看，也需要借助发光的可视设备。
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6.10.2.12 All bearing housings shall be dimpled at the locations shown on Figure 32, Figure 33, and Figure 34 to facilitate consistent-vibration measurements. The dimples shall be suitable for accurate location of a hand-held vibration transducer with an extension wand. Dimples shall be either cast or machined and shall be nominally 0.080 in. (2 mm) deep with an included angle of 120°.
所有轴承箱均应在图 32、图 33 和图 34 所示位置上凹陷，以方便进行一致的振动测量。凹痕应适合精确定位带延长杆的手持式振动传感器。凹痕应为铸造或机加工而成，深度为 0.080 英寸（2 毫米），角度为 120°。
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解释：见图32~34
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6.10.2.13 If specified, bearing housings shall have a threaded connection(s) for permanently mounting vibration transducers in accordance with API 670. If metric fasteners are supplied, the threads shall be M8 1.25. See Figure 32, Figure 33, and Figure 34.
如果有规定，轴承箱必须有一个或多个螺纹连接口，用于永久安装符合 API 670 标准的振动传感器。 如果提供公制紧固件，螺纹应为 M8 X1.25。见图 32、图 33 和图 34。
6.10.2.14 If specified, a flat surface at least 1 in. (25 mm) in diameter shall be supplied for the location of magnetic-based vibration-measuring equipment.
如果有规定，必须提供一个直径至少为 1 英寸（25 毫米）的平面，用于放置磁性振动测量设备。
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解释：国内的轴承箱振动探头大多是通过胶粘在轴承箱上的。
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6.10.2.15 Bearing housings, bearing housing covers, and bearing housing brackets shall be steel.
轴承箱、轴承箱盖和轴承箱支架应为钢质。
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解释：之前有过铸铁的轴承箱。
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